I am of Italian descent but also Italian-American. Those are different things in my mind. Like, I am learning Italian and learning about Italian culture today (my father and I are trying to get our Italian citizenship although it’s a long road). That is separate from the Italian diaspora that my father’s family settled into as immigrants in the US. That community has it’s own cultural practices and nuances that may be roughly sourced from the same place as my ancestors from Italy, but they aren’t the same. I am proud of both, I see no reason to discard the Italian-American label just because Italians might make fun of me. I don’t pretend being Italian-American makes me Italian or able to speak for Italians or Italy.

That said, my mother’s side of the family is decidedly more WASPy and while I am no less accepting of that heritage, I see no real reason to deliberately celebrate it. It’s the dominant “culture” in the US and in no danger of being assimilated away. It may just be that those of us who came from a minority community (no matter how distant that status is from the present) feel driven to protect it on some level.

Italy has recently changed their requirements and now language proficiency and residency are required. But yes, up until very recently heritage was mostly enough.

Italian ancestry can qualify you for citizenship, that’s not the best example.

Source: me, American of Italian ancestry working to get dual citizenship